Resumen Una nueva especie de Catasetum fue encontrada en el departamento de Casanare hacia el oriente de Colombia, en la bioregión de la Orinoquía. Se describe e ilustra la especie y se estipulan parámetros asociados a su fenología, distribución y estado de conservación. La nueva especie, Catasetum lucisuareziae, es comparable con otras especies que se encuentran en la misma región, como C. rectangulare y C. callosum, pero difiere de ellas principalmente por su labelo trilobulado y la presencia de dos callos subglobulares en la base.

Abstract A new species of Catasetum was found in eastern Colombia, Casanare Department, in the Orinoquía bioregion. The species is described and illustrated, and data associated with its phenology, distribution and conservation status are discussed. The new species, C. lucisuareziae, is related to other species found in the same region, like C. rectangulare and C. callosum, from which it mainly differs by the three-lobed labellum and the presence of two subglobular calli at the base.

ResumoÉ descrita e ilustrada Catasetum colidense, oriunda das margens do rio Teles Pires, estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil. A nova espécie é comparada com as espécies morfologicamente próximas.

AbstractCatasetum colidense, from margins of the Teles Pires River, Mato Grosso State, Brazil, is described and illustrated. The new species is compared with morphologically similar species.

Due to the scarce information about the root organization of Galeandra genus representatives, this study aimed to describe the root anatomy of Galeandra leptoceras, describing adaptations related to hydric relations and characters of taxonomic interest. Five roots of three plants were fixed and preserved in 50% alcohol. These ones were cut in midline with the use of razors. The sections were stained with 0.05% Safrablau and mounted in glycerin. It was observed that the roots of species are structurally adapted to epiphytism; however, some anatomical features show that this species requires more frequent watering or environments with constant humidity. The anatomical characteristics described for roots support results reported by authors that include the genus in subtribe Catasetinae, Cymbidieae tribe. The anatomical characters have generic uniformity, serving as a tool for the genus’s systematic.

Catasetum possui cerca de 170 espécies terrícolas e epífitas com distribuição neotropical, sendo o gênero reconhecido pelos pseudobulbos possuindo vários entrenós, pelas flores unissexuais (raro hermafroditas) e polinário com estipe, caudículo e viscídio. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar o estudo taxonômico de Catasetum no Estado do Paraná, apresentando descrições, ilustrações, mapa de distribuição, chave de identificação, status de conservação e comentários para cada espécie. O gênero está presente predominantemente na Floresta Ombrófila Densa (Catasetum atratum, C. socco e C. triodon) e na Floresta Ombrófila Mista (C. fimbriatum) do Estado. De acordo com os critérios da IUCN, C. atratum enquadra-se como espécie criticamente em perigo, C. fimbriatum e C. triodon, enquadram-se como uma espécie em perigo e C. socco enquadra-se como espécie vulnerável no Estado do Paraná.

Catasetum has about 170 terrestrial and epiphytes species with neotropical distribution and could be recognized by having several internodes per pseudobulb, the unisexual flowers (rare hermaphrodites), and pollinarium with stipe, caudicle, and viscidium. The aim of this study was to do the taxonomic treatment of Catasetum in Paraná State, presenting the descriptions, illustrations, distribution map, identification key, conservation status, and comments for each species. The genus occurs predominantly in the Floresta Ombrófila Densa (Catasetum atratum, C. socco, and C. triodon) and the Floresta Ombrófila Mista (C. fimbriatum) in the state. According to the IUCN criteria, C. atratum can be currently considered a critically endangered species, C. fimbriatum and C.triodon endangered species, and C. socco a vulnerable species in the Parana State.